In the realm of liquids, a captivating interplay exists between serene motion and the turbulent forces of turbulence. When a liquid flows smoothly, it exhibits gentle patterns, reminiscent of a flowing river. Molecules navigate in an orderly fashion, their interactions subtle. This balanced state is known as laminar flow. But when external in

Thomson's Plum Pudding model, while groundbreaking for its time, faced several criticisms as scientists developed a deeper understanding of atomic structure. One major drawback was its inability to explain the results of Rutherford's gold foil experiment. The model assumed that alpha particles would traverse through the plum pudding with minimal sc